LITERATURE RESEARCH ARTICLE

                                                            Preventing Breast Cancer

                                                      Astrid Pitaloka Putriningrum

                                                                  13014140747

                                                                     Rombel 2

                                                         Semarang State University

Author Note

Astrid Pitaloka Putriningrum, first year student, Semarang State University.

This paper is part of English course assignment. It is a literature research on articles of education field of study.

Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Astrid Pitaloka Putriningrum, Semarang State University, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia 50735.

Contact: astridpitaloka@gmail.com

Introduction

The goal of writing that article about cancer is to inform and give information about how to prevent cancer, especially breast cancer. Breast cancer is still become a public health problem, especially in woman. One of the main causes of breast cancer is the obesity in woman. On there will be explained about what the causes of breast cancer and what are the methods that can be done in the prevention of breast cancer. What are the most important factors that cause breast cancer.

Discussion

Breast cancer is an increasing public health problem. Substantial advances have been made in the treatment of breast cancer, but the introduction of methods to predict women at elevated risk and prevent the disease has been less successful.

During 2012, the Breast Cancer Campaign facilitated a series of workshops, each covering a specialty area of breast cancer to identify gaps in our knowledge, especially to discuss how to identify the symptoms and how to manage that disease

There are many ways to perventing breast cancer is Energy restriction/weight control, lifestyle changes, Dietary components and prevention, doing a lot of physical activity.

Studies have shown that breast cancer is diagnosed atearly stages now and most of the patients are obese or over weight at the time of diagnosis (Pekmezi and Demark-Wahnefried 2011).

World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) 2007 report (World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research 2007) and American Cancer Society (ACS) guidelines on Nutrition and Physical Activity for Cancer Prevention (Kushi et al. 2012) recommended that individuals maintain a lean weight to prevent cancer.

A body of original research also suggests that being overweight and obese increases the risk of postmenopausal breast cancer (Ewertz et al. 2011; Protani et al. 2010; Norat et al.2008). Most of the data come from the cohort studies of breast cancer (Norat et al. 2008; Goodwin et al.1999). Food and nutrition needs are very different depending on the stage and type of cancer in the final diagnosis.

Thus ACS recommends maintaining healthy weight and consult with registered dietitian who is also certified specialist in oncology, achieve and maintain healthy weight, engage in regular exercise and consume diet high in vegetable, fruits and whole grains

Conclusion

strategi untuk mencegah kenaikan berat badan pada wanita dengan atau berisiko kanker payudara yang termasuk konseling diet adalah pada diet rendah lemak dan penurunan berat badan dengan diet rendah lemak. Bukti terbatas menunjukkan bahwa perempuan dengan atau berisiko terkena kanker payudara mungkin akan berhasil menjalankan strategi diet dan olahraga untuk mencegah kenaikan berat badan selama setidaknya satu tahun. Konseling diet rendah lemak dapat meningkatkan hasil pencegahan kanker payudara pada wanita.

            I conclude that in that study obesity become the most dominant factor in the formation of cancer cells  that cause cancer in woman. strategies to prevent weight gain among women with or at risk of breast cancer, which included dietary counseling on low fat diet and weight reduction with low fat diet. Limited evidence suggests that woman with or at risk for breast cancer may successfully employ dietary and exercise strategies to prevent weight gain for at least one year. Low fat dietary counseling may improve to preventing that breast cancer in woman.

References

Howell et al. (2014). Risk determination and prevention of breast cancer.Breast Cancer Research, 16:446. doi:10.1186/s13058-014-0446-2.

Chaudhry et al. (2013). Comparative effectiveness of strategies to prevent weight gain among women with and at risk for breast cancer: a systematic review.SpringerPlus. 2:277. doi:10.1186/2193-1801-2-277

Calfee, R. C., & Valencia, R. R. (1991).APA guide to preparing manuscripts for journal publication. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

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